{"id":2483,"date":"2016-03-19T13:04:33","date_gmt":"2016-03-19T11:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/?p=2483"},"modified":"2020-12-19T13:23:45","modified_gmt":"2020-12-19T10:23:45","slug":"oguzda-el-sanatlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/2016\/03\/19\/oguzda-el-sanatlari\/","title":{"rendered":"O\u011fuz’da El Sanatlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00fcrkelli k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn eli beceriklidir.\/Em.\u00d6\u011frt. \u015eakir Sa\u011flam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Bu nedenle el sanatlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hayli ustalar\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131r. Marangozluk ve ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi so\u011fuk demircilikte de ustalar\u0131m\u0131z yeti\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu alan\u0131n getirisi ge\u00e7inecek d\u00fczeyde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve sanayinin geli\u015fmesi ile ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bak\u0131rc\u0131l\u0131k:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Hasan Karako\u00e7’un bak\u0131r kalayc\u0131 atelyes<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Bir s\u00fcre o\u011flu H\u00fcseyin s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

So\u011fuk Demircilik<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neler yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu aletleri m\u00fcze sayfam\u0131zda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerini verdik:\u00a0BAKINIZ<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011f bah\u00e7e i\u015flerindeki alet ve ara\u00e7lar.
Ev i\u00e7inde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kap kacaklar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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orak<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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girinti<\/strong> Kazim Topal elinde<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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el kantar\u0131<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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av t\u00fcfe\u011fi<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0Fabrikasyon silahlar\u0131n tamirini yapacak kadar ustayd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mehmet Sa\u011flam atelyesi\/Ahmet Haf\u0131z evinin \u00f6n\u00fcndedir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atelyelerden biri de Ahmet Haf\u0131z\u0131n o\u011flu Mehmet Sa\u011flam’a aitti. Biz de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k, av t\u00fcfe\u011fi yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131k bu atelyede. Sonras\u0131nda Mehmet Usta yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na gitti ya ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 Almanya yollar\u0131nda verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sepet\u00e7ilik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sepet\u00e7ilik, \u00f6nemli zanaatlar\u0131m\u0131zdand\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gelir getiren bir meslektir.Ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u015flerimiz i\u00e7in gereklidir. Neredeyse her \u015feyimizi sepetlerle ta\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. \u00c7e\u015fitli boylarda \u00fcretilir. Boylar\u0131na ve kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flere g\u00f6re adlar\u0131 vard\u0131r: G\u0131d\u0131k, sepet, harar, el sepeti, \u00fcz\u00fcm sepeti,…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hediyecilik, s\u00fcslemecilik ve \u00e7evre d\u00fczenlemede  kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00fcseyin Tohumluk sepet \u00f6r\u00fcyor<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zlerin haz\u0131rlan\u0131\u015f\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri: B\u0131\u00e7ak, testere ve k\u0131rebi; \u00f6z\u00fc kesmek ve yontmak i\u00e7in gereklidir. Kestane ve f\u0131nd\u0131k fideleri \u00f6z yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.. Sepetin d\u00f6rt eleman\u0131 vard\u0131r; ba\u011fc\u0131k, direk, \u00e7ubuk ve massif (ah\u015fap). Ba\u011fc\u0131k bizim k\u00f6yde d\u0131rma\u00e7tan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Direk sepetin iskeletidir, biraz kal\u0131n yontulur. \u00c7ubuklar iskeleti saraca\u011f\u0131ndan d\u00f6necek esneklikte, ince tutulur. Massif (ah\u015fap) ise taban ya da a\u011f\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131nda kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131ndan, yerine g\u00f6re kesilir. Her a\u011fa\u00e7tan kesilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6z haz\u0131rlama i\u00e7in f\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131k ya da kestane orman\u0131na gidilir. Ortalama 2 metre boyunda, ba\u015f parmak kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (biraz daha kal\u0131n da olur) kestane ve f\u0131nd\u0131k \u00e7ubuklar\u0131 – fideleri k\u0131rebi ile kesilir. Kurumadan \u00f6z \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kurursa, \u00e7atlar k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, \u00f6z \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamaz. Kesilen fidenin kal\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fcn ne kadar kal\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsak o derinlikte \u00e7entik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Fide b\u00fck\u00fclerek \u00e7entik yerinden yar\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Biraz a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131nca aras\u0131na parmak sokularak ( yoksa \u00f6z k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r) yar\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6z \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015fi bitirilince s\u0131ra \u00f6zlerin ustan\u0131n dizi \u00fczerinde b\u0131\u00e7akla yontulmas\u0131na gelir. Bir elde b\u0131\u00e7ak iyice yat\u0131r\u0131larak ve sabit olarak diz \u00fczerinde tutulur. \u00d6z tutan \u00f6teki el, b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi \u00f6z\u00fc kendine do\u011fru \u00e7eker. Bu yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zordur. Bir s\u00fcr\u00fc \u00f6z kaybeder ama zamanla d\u00fczelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Direk ve \u00e7ubuk say\u0131s\u0131 yeterince haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Suda b\u0131rak\u0131larak \u00f6rmeye uygun yumu\u015fakl\u0131\u011fa gelmesi gerekir. Zaman kazanmak i\u00e7in ak\u015famdan geni\u015f bir kab\u0131n i\u00e7ine (k\u00f6yde \u00e7e\u015fmenin alt\u0131na) suda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Direk olacak \u00f6zler ise, sepetin y\u00fcksekli\u011finden biraz uzun olarak ayarlan\u0131r. Direklerin say\u0131s\u0131 tek olarak belirlenir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 11. Tek olursa, \u00f6rme s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ubuklar bir kez dolan\u0131p ayn\u0131 yere gelince, \u00f6r\u00fclenlerin alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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s\u0131rtta y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma sepeti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u00fcz\u00fcm toplama sepeti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Buradaki sorun, \u00fclkenin sermayedarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclke i\u00e7ine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmay\u0131p, al-sat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7meleridir. Oysa Andolu insan\u0131 becerisini yine Anadoluy’a vermeye haz\u0131rd\u0131. Kentle\u015fme s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131rarak k\u00f6yleri zay\u0131f duruma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcnce el sanatlar\u0131n\u0131n sonu geldi. K\u00f6y \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 yok seviyesine indirerek bu s\u00fcrece katk\u0131 verdi. \u0130nsanlar kar\u0131n toklu\u011funa kentlere u\u00e7tular.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zanaat bitti…G\u00d6\u00c7 BA\u015eLADI…2014 y\u0131l\u0131 hala g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcyoruz.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0131zarc\u0131l\u0131k:<\/strong> Kereste, tahta ve benzeri ev yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan her malzemeyi bi\u00e7erlerdi. Ustalar \u00e7ok zor bir i\u015fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131. \u0130ki ustan\u0131n uyumu gerekiyordu. \u00c7ok ki\u015fi yapamazd\u0131. Ama \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlarken ne keyifli olurlard\u0131. T\u00fcrk\u00fcler, f\u0131kralar…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00a0Kemen\u00e7e yap\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fczde geli\u015fmedi. \u00c7alanlar \u00e7oktu. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n kemen\u00e7elerini d\u0131\u015fardan al\u0131rlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Burada bir sorundan s\u00f6z etmek yerinde olur kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Art\u0131k su azal\u0131yor ve d\u00fcnyada \u0131s\u0131 y\u00fckseliyor. Suyun azalmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinden biri de, su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 su \u015firketleri ele ge\u00e7irdi. Art\u0131k derelere su akm\u0131yor. Do\u011fal olaylar zaten iyice sorun. Denizi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketlerin at\u0131klar\u0131 kirletiyor. \u00d6yleyse bize d\u00fc\u015fen \u00f6nemli i\u015f ise fide dikimi. Sepet yapanlar kestikleri fide say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131 fide dikmeli ki, \u00f6z kesme zaman\u0131 fide bulabilelim.<\/strong> “F\u0130DE D\u0130KEL\u0130M” KAMPANYALARI \u00dcRETMEL\u0130<\/span><\/strong>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konuda Em.\u00d6\u011frt. Hasan H\u00fcsyin Algan \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sa\u011f olsun. Tek tek zor, birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

…………………………Bir al\u0131nt\u0131 yaz\u0131 veriyoruz:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sepet\u00e7ili\u011fin Tarihi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her Anadolu ailesinin i\u015fine yarayan bir zanaatt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sepet\u00e7ilik ta\u015f devrinden beri icra edilen bir zanaat. Ancak ta\u015f devrinden bug\u00fcne ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f herhangi bir sepet kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 yok. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sepet yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan malzemeler organik oldu\u011fundan \u00e7abucak \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp gidiyor, bu sebeple de arkeologlar sepet\u00e7ili\u011fin ger\u00e7ek tarihini belirlemekte olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer taraftan kuru kumlar, iyi bir muhafaza te\u015fkil etti\u011finden Amerika’da yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, M.\u00d6. 9 bin ila 7 bin y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fc sepet kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulunmu\u015f. Bu da, sepetin cilal\u0131 ta\u015f devrinden \u00f6nce var oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. M\u0131s\u0131r ve Irak’ta da M.\u00d6. 5270 – 4630 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sepet kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulunmu\u015f.
Bu d\u00f6nemlerinde sepet\u00e7ilik, \u00e7\u00f6mlek\u00e7ilikle birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. Bu y\u00fczden de kaz\u0131larda ele ge\u00e7irilen sepetler \u00e7amur veya kille s\u0131val\u0131. Sebebi ise sepetleri su ge\u00e7irmez hale getirmek ve su ta\u015f\u0131mada kullanmak. Bu gibi durumlarda sepetler \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp gitmi\u015f, ama i\u00e7ini kaplayan kil tabakas\u0131 sepetin bi\u00e7imini alarak sa\u011flam \u015fekilde kalm\u0131\u015f. Avrupa’da bulunan en eski sepetler de M.\u00d6. 2500 y\u0131llar\u0131na ait. \u0130svi\u00e7re’de g\u00f6l evlerinin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eimdi ise y\u0131llar\u0131n yorgun ama usta elleri, belki son defadan bir \u00f6nceki kez yap\u0131yorlar sepetlerini. Ustalar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendikleri zanaat\u0131n ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa devam\u0131na, hi\u00e7 umutla bakm\u0131yor bu ustalar. B\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle kendileri noktalayacaklar mesleklerini. Zira \u015fimdinin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 art\u0131k babalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda yeti\u015fmiyor. Onlar okuyor, m\u00fchendis, teknisyen, doktor oldular, olacaklar. Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 durdurulamayan tarihin kendi kendine galibiyeti bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u00f6teki ucundan ald\u0131k. KAYNAK:Bursa\u2019da Durhasan K\u00f6y\u00fc-Mustafa DO\u011eRU)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkelli k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn eli beceriklidir.\/Em.\u00d6\u011frt. \u015eakir Sa\u011flam<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2029,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[192,98,34],"tags":[246],"hf_cat_post":[],"class_list":["post-2483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-18-sakir-saglam","category-el-sanatlari","category-folklor","tag-el-sanatlari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2483"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2490,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions\/2490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2029"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2483"},{"taxonomy":"hf_cat_post","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hf_cat_post?post=2483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}