{"id":2311,"date":"2016-06-16T19:22:11","date_gmt":"2016-06-16T16:22:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/?p=2311"},"modified":"2020-12-16T19:22:55","modified_gmt":"2020-12-16T16:22:55","slug":"gorele-tarihi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/2016\/06\/16\/gorele-tarihi\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00f6rele Tarihi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

G\u00f6rele y\u00f6reyi de b\u00f6lgeyi etkilemi\u015ftirr.\/ \u0130lhan Fuat K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

1294 tarihli Trabzon Salnamesi’ nde G\u00f6rele:<\/strong>
\u2019Buran\u0131n mahs\u00fbl\u00e2t\u0131 dahi f\u0131nd\u0131k ve fasulye ve m\u0131s\u0131r ve \u00fcz\u00fcmden ibaret olup bunlar t\u00fcccara sat\u0131l\u0131r ve oran\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcnden k\u00fclliyetli \u015farab yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6mer Akbulut, “Trabzon Cumhuriyetten Evvel Tarih ve Valiler” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda \u00f6zetle \u015f\u00f6yle demektedir; “\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fco\u011flu \u00d6mer Pa\u015fa, Torul’un Manast\u0131r k\u00f6y\u00fcnde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Babas\u0131 Ahmet’tir. Tahsilini \u0130stanbul’da g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Pa\u015fal\u0131k r\u00fctbesini Vidin harbinde alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birinci Sultan Mahmut zaman\u0131nda Dersim isyan\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rarak padi\u015fah\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcne girmi\u015f ve Trabzon’a tam selahiyetli ve \u00fc\u00e7 tu\u011flu vezir olarak g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk defa G\u00f6rele kalesini fethetmi\u015f ve sonra da Trabzon’da G\u00fczelhisar, Rum ve K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olan Pa\u015fa sonradan Birinci Sultan Mahmut’un gazab\u0131na d\u00fc\u00e7ar olarak kellesi vurdurulmu\u015ftur. Har\u015fit vadisinden bir yol ge\u00e7irmi\u015f, G\u00f6rele ve Trabzon kalelerini Yeni Cuma mahallesinde Sultan Mehmet camiinin yan\u0131nda bir medresesi, Uzun sokakta \u00e7e\u015fmesi ve Trabzon’da eski G\u00f6rele kazas\u0131nda ve Eleg\u00fc \u0130skelesinde hayrat\u0131 vard\u0131r”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di\u011fer bir vesika; Sivas beylerbe\u011fisi S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015fa’ ya ve Karahisar Behram\u015fah ve \u00c7epeni [\u00c7epni] \u00c7unkar ve Orta Pare h\u00fck\u00fcm ki; Karahisar Behram\u015fah ve \u00c7epeni \u00c7unkar ve Orta Pare kazalar\u0131nda sakin ulem\u00e2 ve suleh\u00e2 ve eyimme ve huteb\u00e2 ve sair e\u015fref gerg\u00e2h-\u0131 muallama mahzar g\u00f6nder\u00fcb zikronulan kazalarda sakin reaya tayifesinin ziraat eyledikleri yerlerde T\u00fcrkman tayifesinden Mamal\u0131 ve Cirid ve Pehlivanl\u0131 ve G\u00fcvan ve sayir T\u00fcrkman tayifesine mahsus defteri cedidi haka\u00eende mukayyed kadimi yaylak yo\u011fiken zikronulan T\u00fcrkman tayifesine kabilerile yaylak zaman\u0131nda kazalar\u0131n varup mer’alar\u0131na konub k\u00f6k tereke ve sair mahsulleri aras\u0131nda davarlar\u0131n rai ve ba’dehu harman vaktinde koyun ve sayir davarlarile gel\u00fcp \u00e7uval get\u00fcr\u00fcp muradlar\u0131 m\u0131kdar\u0131 mahsullerin gasp ve \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt ay m\u0131kdar\u0131 meks\u00fc teaddi ve k\u0131\u015fla\u011fa avdet eylediklerinde dahi mer’adan hayvanlar\u0131n maan s\u00fcr\u00fcb g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp ve evlerin basub i\u00e7inde olan esvap ve ehl\u00fc ayallerinin \u00fczerinde olan libaslar\u0131n nehb\u00fc garet eylediklerinden maada zikronulan T\u00fcrkman tayifesinden C\u00fcneyd kethuda o\u011flu Osman ve \u0130dris ve Hasan ve Kirko\u011flu \u0130smail ve Kuyuncu \u015eahin ve Cebeci Dudyar ve H\u0131z\u0131r nam \u015fak\u0131yler sayir hevalar\u0131na t\u00e2bi e\u015fkiya ile kaza\u00ee mezb\u00fbrun kuras\u0131nda yedlerinde olan m\u00fcmza defter mucibince doksan be\u015f kil arpa ve y\u00fcz kil h\u0131ntalar\u0131n cebren gasb id\u00fcb her sene bunun emsali teaddilerinden na\u015fi ekser kura ahalisinin perakende ve peri\u015fan olmalar\u0131na bais olduklar\u0131n il\u00e2m eyledikleri ecilden senki mirimiran\u0131 mumaileyhsin bu fesad\u0131 iden mezk\u00fbrlar bulunduklar\u0131 mahalde meclisi \u015fer’i \u015ferife ihzar ve has\u0131mlarile m\u00fcrafaai \u015fer ve hil\u00e2f\u0131 \u015fer’i \u015ferif ve bigayri hakk\u0131n nehb\u00fc garet eyledikleri her ne ise badess\u00fcbut marifet-i \u015fer’ile esbab\u0131na redd\u00fc teslim itdir\u00fcb ve mezb\u00fbrlar\u0131n kazai mezburda defterde mukayyed bilfiil tasarruflar\u0131nda kadimi k\u0131\u015flaklar\u0131 yogiken kazalar\u0131na u\u011framayub ve bigayri hakk\u0131n mahsul ve sayir e\u015fyalar\u0131n garet etmemek \u00fczre muhkem tenbih ve te’kid olunub m\u00fctenebbih olm\u0131yub giru vechi me\u015fruh \u00fczre zul\u00fcm ve teaddi \u00fczre olanlar\u0131 isim ve resimlerile ve s\u0131hhati ve hak\u0131ykati \u00fczre deri devletmedar\u0131ma arzu il\u00e2m eylemem bab\u0131nda deyu yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

F\u00ee evas\u0131t\u0131r 1113 [ 14 – 24 Eyl\u00fcl 1701 ]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci yaz\u0131da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da: \u0130spiye [ Espiye ] madeni emini Eb\u00fbbekir z\u00eede mecdihuya h\u00fck\u00fcm ki, H\u00e2l\u00e2 Trabzon m\u00fctesellimi Murtaz\u00e2 z\u00eede mecdihu s\u00fcdde-i sa\u00e2detime mektup g\u00f6nder\u00fcb m\u00fctesellimi mumaileyhin ber vechi malikane uhdesinde olan G\u00f6rele nam\u0131 di\u011ferle Pavaboli [ Yavebolu ] mukataas\u0131 reayalar\u0131ndan \u00c7epeni [ \u00c7epni ] taifesi kadimi yerlerinden huruc ve etrafa peri\u015fan ve kend\u00fc hallerinde durm\u0131yub berren ve bahren kat’\u0131 tar\u0131yk ve sefki dim\u00e2 ve nehbi emval ve hetki a’raz ve bunun emsali fesad\u00fc \u015fekavetlerinin nihayeti olm\u0131yub mezk\u00fbrlar\u0131n \u015ferr\u00fc mazarratlar\u0131ndan \u00fcmmeti Muhammedin emn\u00fc rahatleri kalmama\u011fla te’mini bil\u00e2d ve tatmini ibad i\u00e7\u00fcn bundan akdem m\u00fcteaddid sudur iden evamiri \u015ferifem mucibince maiyetine memur tavayifi askeriyye ile Trabzon’dan Gireson [Giresun]’a var\u0131nca taifei merkumenin kutta\u0131 tar\u0131yk ve sair e\u015fk\u0131yas\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131ndan l\u00e2z\u0131m gelen cezay\u0131 \u015fer’ileri tertip ve parakendeleri dahi kadimi yerlerine isk\u00e2n ve h\u00fcsn\u00fc nizama ifra\u011fa m\u00fcba\u015feret eyley\u00fcb l\u00e2kin \u015fekavetpise ve re’si e\u015fk\u0131yalar\u0131 \u015fiddeti \u015fitadan bir tarafa firar itmelerile imk\u00e2nda olm\u0131yub g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar\u0131 sedd\u00fc bend itd\u00fcr\u00fcldi\u011finde bizzaruri e\u015fk\u0131yay\u0131 merkumeden mal\u00fbm\u00fcl esami \u015fak\u0131yler \u0130spiye madenine gid\u00fcb senki madeni mezk\u00fbr emini mumaileyhsin sana istinad ve iltica ve kend\u00fclerine cay\u0131 sel\u00e2met ittihaz eyledikleri ecilden saire dahi bu halet sari olub maazallah\u00fc teal\u00e2 mezburlardan biri sel\u00e2met bulur ise bir m\u00fcddetden sonra zuhura gel\u00fcb viril\u00e2n nizam\u0131n ihtil\u00e2line bais olunaca\u011f\u0131 mukarrer olmag\u0131n bu esnada madeni mezk\u00fbra giden e\u015fk\u0131yay\u0131 merk\u00fbmenin haklar\u0131nda l\u00e2z\u0131m cezay\u0131 \u015fer’ileri tertibi i\u00e7\u00fcn ahiz ve m\u00fctesellimi mezbura irsal ve teslim eylemek \u00fczre senki emini mumaileyhsin sana hitaben emri \u015ferifim suduru halinde il\u00e2m Divan\u0131 h\u00fcmayun’umda mahfuz olan ahk\u00e2m kuyudat\u0131 tetebb\u00fc olundukda Trabzon ve Gireson havalilerinde olan K\u00f6rt\u00fcnl\u00fc [K\u00fcrt\u00fcnl\u00fc] e\u015fk\u0131yas\u0131 bulunduklar\u0131 mahallerden kald\u0131r\u0131lub vatan\u0131 asliyyeleri olan G\u00f6rele kazas\u0131na nakl\u00fc iyv\u00e2 ve isk\u00e2n ve mezburlardan bu makule fesad\u00fc \u015fekavete tesaddi ve ihtilali memlekete m\u00fceddi olanlar\u0131 al\u00e2 eyyi h\u00e2lin ahiz ve ele get\u00fcril\u00fcb haklar\u0131nda \u015fer’an l\u00e2z\u0131m gel\u00e2n cezay\u0131 \u015fer’ileri icra ve \u015ferr\u00fc mazaratlar\u0131 bil\u00e2d\u0131 ibad \u00fczerlerinden def’\u00fc ref’ olunup l\u00e2kin fesad\u00fc \u015fekavetede al\u00e2kas\u0131 olm\u0131yan big\u00fcn\u00e2hlar\u0131n n\u00fcfus ve a’raz\u0131na taarruzdan ve celbi malden hazer eylemek \u00fczre Trabzon m\u00fctesellimine ve G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane eminine ve sairlere hitaben tenbih ve te’kidi m\u00fc\u015ftemil evamiri \u015ferife virildi\u011fi mukayyed bulunmag\u0131n m\u00fctesellimi mezburun iltimas\u0131 \u00fczre e\u015fk\u0131yay\u0131 merkumeden madenler taraf\u0131na firar ve iltica idenleri maden \u00fcmenas\u0131 ahiz ve m\u00fctesellimi mezk\u00fbr taraf\u0131na irsal ve teslim eylemek i\u00e7\u00fcn emri \u015ferifim virilmek bab\u0131nda bilfiil reis\u00fclk\u00fcttab\u0131m olan \u0130smail dame mecdihu il\u00e2m itmegin il\u00e2m\u0131 mucibince amel olunmak bab\u0131nda ferman\u0131 \u00e2li\u015fan\u0131m sad\u0131r olmu\u015fdur. Buyurdum ki F\u00ee evaili za 1145 ( 15 – 24 Nisan 1733 )<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da ikinci yaz\u0131da bahsedilen olayla yak\u0131nen ilgili \u00d6mer Akbulut’un yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm yaz\u0131s\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yledir; “H\u00e2l\u00e2 Trabzon M\u00fctesellimi olup G\u00f6rele Voyvodas\u0131 olan M\u00fcrteza zide mecdihuye h\u00fck\u00fcm; Trabzon ve Giresun havalilerinden olan K\u00fcrt\u00fcnl\u00fc e\u015fk\u0131yas\u0131 mukaddema zuhur ve havalar\u0131na tabi ehli ebnai sebulin yollar\u0131 sesbendu zekan memlekete ishali mazarrat ve kadli nufus ve asl\u0131 emval m\u00fcslimin adeti m\u00fcstemereleri olup bunun ensal fesad ve \u015fekavillerinin nihayeti olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bundan akdem ilan olunduk\u00e7a e\u015fkiyay\u0131 merk\u00fbm marifetine bulunduklar\u0131 mahallerden kald\u0131r\u0131p vatan\u0131 aslileri olan G\u00f6rele kazas\u0131na nakli iskan olunmalar\u0131 bab\u0131nda emri \u015ferifim sad\u0131r ve Serdar Mustafa nam kimse dahi bu hususa memur olunmu\u015fken mezk\u00fbr Mustafa gelmedi\u011finden e\u015fkiya-y\u0131 mezk\u00fbre nakl ve iskan olunmay\u0131p hal \u00fczre kalmalar\u0131 ile tekrar cumhur ve emniyetli ahalisi Vilayet \u00fczerine h\u00fcc\u00fcm ve kitale tesaddi ve var\u0131\u015fta olan en \u00fcmmet-i Muhammedi kaleye kapay\u0131p d\u00f6rt be\u015f [ay] muhassara ve cengu cid\u00e2l ve ta\u015frada buluna emval ve e\u015fya emtialar\u0131yla m\u00fcslimine taarruz ve nicelerini katl-i fesade fesad-\u0131 \u015fekaved ederek etraf\u0131 peri\u015fan olup ol ve\u00e7hile \u015faki-i mezk\u00fbrun \u015fer ve mazarratlar\u0131n\u0131n an bil\u00e2d-\u0131 ib’ad ve \u015fegerci memleketi ebnai sebilin bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc emniyet ve rahatlar\u0131 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ser ve Giresun Kad\u0131s\u0131 Ahmet G\u00f6rele Naibi H\u00fcseyin ve Elevi G\u00f6rele Naibi Ali ve Bayramali Kad\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet zide fez\u00e2ileh\u00fb’\u0131n ba\u015fka ba\u015fka arz Giresun’da sakin ulema ve sulehna vaizi ve hitabe fukara ve suafe zavat\u0131 kiram ve zair ehali muhzir ile ilan ve mezburlar bulunduklar\u0131 yerlerden ve hak ve asliyeleri olan G\u00f6rele Kazas\u0131na nakil ve iskan ve mezburelerden bu makule fesad ve \u015fekavete tesaddi ve ehli memleket mueddi olanlar alelecele el ge\u00e7irilip haklar\u0131nda \u015feran laz\u0131m gelen cezay\u0131 \u015feriyeleri icra \u015fer ve mazaratlar\u0131 bil\u00e2d-\u0131 ib’ad \u00fczerlerinden ref olunmak emri \u015ferifim sudurun itimat edmeniz ile e\u015fkiyay\u0131 merkum eden b\u00fcy\u00fcme fesad ve icra ile ve iskanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve bil\u00e2d-\u0131 ib’ad\u0131n tathiri ferman\u0131n olup bu hususta s\u0131yanet muavenat ve muzaherat ve iltihak ihtiyat \u00fczere hareket eyle”<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u00d6mer Akbulut’un ne\u015fretti\u011fi d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc yaz\u0131 bir \u015fikayetname: \u00c7epni e\u015fkiyas\u0131n\u0131n z\u00fclm\u00fcne u\u011frayan bir vatanda\u015f\u0131n, padi\u015faha sundu\u011fu dilek\u00e7e: “Devletli, saaddetli, merhametli Efendim Hazretleri sa\u011folsun. Kulunuzum.Trabzon sanca\u011f\u0131nda G\u00f6rele Kazas\u0131nda olan \u00c7ebni e\u015fk\u0131yas\u0131, voyvodam\u0131z olan Murteza A\u011fa’y\u0131 kaleye kapay\u0131p, be\u015f g\u00fcn be\u015f gece muhazarada kal\u0131p iki y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00fc, mal ve erzaklar\u0131na garet edip hakim ke\u015ffedip yaln\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7y\u00fcz keselik mallar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ya\u011fma eyledikleri bu kullar\u0131 mezbur M\u00fcrteza A\u011fa ile muhazaradan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p vilayete gelip arzlar\u0131m\u0131za nazar olundu\u011funda, \u00c7epni e\u015fkiyas\u0131 hakk\u0131ndan gelip ecri hak olunmak \u00fczere iken, m\u00fctesellim cemiyeti k\u00fcbra ile geriye \u00e7evrilip Trabzon’a gelip gayri tedarik \u00fczere iken Pulat o\u011flu Mustafa ve Y\u00fczbin Mustafa ve Kazanc\u0131 o\u011flu Mehmet ve Kurulu\u015f o\u011flu H\u00fcseyin m\u00fcteveffa m\u00fctesellim harem kona\u011f\u0131na giderken, bu mezburlerin tahrikiyle iki y\u00fcz t\u00fcfekliyle k\u00f6\u015fe ba\u015f\u0131nda tutup, sekban ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na getirip abdest ibri\u011fi versin, Tanr\u0131n\u0131n divan\u0131na duray\u0131m deyip vermemekle feryat ederken der-akab bo\u011faz\u0131na ip ge\u00e7irip bo\u011fup teslimi ruh etmi\u015ftir. Bu kullar\u0131n\u0131 dahi tutun katledelim dediklerinde bu kullar\u0131 avret feracesi giyip firar edip h\u00e2k-i p\u00e2ye y\u00fcz s\u00fcre geldi\u011fimizde Efendimizin dahi hakk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 icra-i hak edelim deyup ferm\u00e2n-\u0131 \u00e2lileri olmakla elan bug\u00fcne dek inayetli Efendimizin ferm\u00e2n-\u0131 \u00e2lileri \u00fczere han k\u00f6\u015felerinde zel\u00eel zer-gerd\u00e2n olup ikiy\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00fc, kasaba peri\u015fan kalemiz harap ve \u00c7epni e\u015fkiyas\u0131n\u0131n tu\u011fyan\u0131ndan bir iskeleden bir iskeleye gidilmek bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmama\u011fa \u00c7uhadar H\u00fcseyin A\u011fa kulunuz her ahval\u0131m\u0131za muttali oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131m\u0131z ihkak\u0131 hak olunmak ve mallar\u0131m\u0131z tahsil olunmak i\u00e7in H\u00fcseyin kulunuz muba\u015fereti ile \u0130smail Pa\u015fa Hazretlerine hitaben m\u00fcekkiden ferman-\u0131 \u00e2lileri niyaz olunur. Baki ferman Devleti, merhametli, sultan\u0131m hazretlerinindir”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M. Arslan’\u0131n ise yorumlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir; \u0130pek ve baharat yolunun Akdeniz yerine Okyanuslar \u00fczerinden i\u015flemesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn Anadolu gibi bu b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6lge de kervan ticaretinden mahrum oldu. Kapitilasyonlar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da mevcut el sanayini kaybetti. Yobaz softalar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Avrupa’n\u0131n yeniliklerine ayak uyduramad\u0131. Uzun s\u00fcren II. Viyana seferi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ekonomisi alt \u00fcst oldu. Yeti\u015fkin ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc insanlar sava\u015flarda eridi gitti. Y\u00f6neticilerin beceriksizli\u011fi, devlet idaresine iltimas ve kay\u0131rman\u0131n girmesi, halk\u0131 k\u0131sa zamanda \u015fa\u015fk\u0131na \u00e7evirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neticede k\u0131ran k\u0131rana bir e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131k, isyan ve bask\u0131nlar ba\u015flad\u0131. Denizde korsanlar, karada e\u015fk\u0131ya kendilerini selamlamayan ku\u015flar\u0131 u\u00e7urmuyorlard\u0131. O zamanki G\u00f6rele’nin bir k\u00f6y\u00fc olan K\u00f6t\u00fcnle kom\u015fu kaza K\u00fcrt\u00fcn ve \u00c7epni e\u015fkiyas\u0131 ortal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kas\u0131p kavuruyorlard\u0131. Sadece halk\u0131 de\u011fil h\u00fck\u00fcmeti de bas\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da, Esbiye madeni emiri Ebubekir’e yaz\u0131lan ferman da belirtildi\u011fi \u015fekilde bu madende G\u00f6rele’li \u00c7epni e\u015fkiyas\u0131n\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015fti. Trabzon, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane ve Giresun’dan gelen kuvvetlerle ve hile ile bu e\u015fk\u0131ya yakaland\u0131. Denizlinin Sand\u0131kl\u0131 kazas\u0131’na s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ele ba\u015flar\u0131 Bak\u00fc’ye ka\u00e7t\u0131. S\u00fcrg\u00fcne gidenler 600.000 ak\u00e7e fidye vererek o \u00e7evreye da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131lar. 1729 y\u0131l\u0131nda olan bu olay G\u00f6rele’yi islah etmedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukarda bir vatanda\u015f\u0131n padi\u015faha yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuptan da anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re G\u00f6rele Kalesi tekrar harap edildi. As\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan\u0131 bu kalenin K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Trabzon valisi olan \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fco\u011flu \u00d6mer Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n akrabas\u0131 Kaymakam Mehmet Bey’e isyanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu isyandan sonra G\u00f6rele Kalesi, \u00d6mer Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan tamamen y\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kalenin k\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131 ise tamamen ezilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski G\u00f6rele’ye ait bir sayfa burada kapan\u0131rken bir numaral\u0131 belgede bahsolunan G\u00f6rele’li \u015fakilerin \u015eebinkarahisar taraflar\u0131na yaylaya gittiklerinde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u011fmac\u0131l\u0131k, soygunculukla 1697 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flay\u0131p, tahminen 1738 y\u0131l\u0131nda, medreseden yeti\u015fme ve iyi bir islahat\u00e7\u0131 olan \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fco\u011flu \u00d6mer Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n bu kaleyi y\u0131kmas\u0131 ve K\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 de ezmesi ile biten korkun\u00e7 devrin sonunda halk buradan da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve genellikle’de Elevi denen yeni G\u00f6rele’ye gelmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yeni G\u00f6rele (Elevi) Kazas\u0131, 1758 y\u0131l\u0131nda Tirebolu’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 bir bucak haline getirilirken, do\u011fudaki bir k\u0131s\u0131m yayla k\u00f6yleri Torul’a, bat\u0131daki bir k\u0131s\u0131m k\u00f6yleri de Tirebolu’ya ba\u011fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M. Arslan konuyla ilgili yorumlar\u0131na \u015f\u00f6yle devam ediyor: Bu devirde Rize’de Tuzcuo\u011fullar\u0131, birle\u015fik halde Of ve S\u00fcrmene a\u011falar\u0131 ile Trabzon-Giresun aras\u0131nda da Hac\u0131 Saliho\u011fullar\u0131, La\u00e7ino\u011fullar\u0131, Kel Alio\u011fullar\u0131 ve Ku\u011fuo\u011fullar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmdar durumdad\u0131rlar. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bask\u0131nlarda top bile kullanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukarda bahsedilen Ku\u011fuo\u011fullar\u0131ndan \u0130brahim A\u011fa, Giresun’da Falc\u0131o\u011fullar\u0131 ile Dizdaro\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan bir olay ve bunu takip eden tahcir veya k\u0131tal olay\u0131na ad\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p hakk\u0131nda bir defa \u00f6l\u00fcm ferman\u0131 sad\u0131r olmu\u015ftur. Bu \u015fah\u0131s G\u00f6rele’ye gelerek, kaymakam Be\u015fikd\u00fczl\u00fc K\u00fcl\u00fcnko\u011flu Mehmet’le h\u0131s\u0131ml\u0131k ili\u015fkileri kurup, sonradan 1748 y\u0131l\u0131nda af edilerek onun yerine voyvoda oluyor. Baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re bu tarihten itibaren on be\u015f y\u0131l, baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6rede 1758 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar bu g\u00f6revde kal\u0131yor ki bu ikincisi akla daha uygundur. O\u011flu S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa 1758 y\u0131l\u0131nda bucak merkezini G\u00f6rele’den \u00c7avu\u015flu’ya nakletti. 1794 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile bucak merkezi tekrar G\u00f6rele’ye ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130brahim A\u011fa \u015fekavet (e\u015fk\u0131yal\u0131k) olaylar\u0131nda \u00e7ok tecr\u00fcbeli idi. Voyvoda olunca bu tecr\u00fcbesinden faydalanarak \u00e7evredeki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fakileri bast\u0131rd\u0131. Halk derin ve rahat bir nefes ald\u0131. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa’y\u0131 \u00f6nce \u015eebinkarahisar, sonra da babas\u0131n\u0131n yerine G\u00f6rele Voyvodas\u0131 yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fcleyman A\u011fa’dan sonra o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n, G\u00f6rele’nin muhtelif yerlerinde konaklar kurarak derebeyli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmekte ise de \u00f6nemli olan \u00c7avu\u015flu da bulunan b\u00fcy\u00fck kona\u011f\u0131n c\u00fcmle kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde bulunan “B\u00e2b-\u0131 Han” yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile \u015f\u00f6valyelerin \u015fatolar\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131ran i\u00e7 b\u00f6lme ve te\u015fkilat\u0131 yurdumuzda bulunanlar aras\u0131nda emsalsizli\u011fini isbata kafidir. \u00c7avu\u015flu’da bulunan bu kona\u011f\u0131 M. \u015eaban Toz \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:
“\u00c7avu\u015flu’da iki adet konak vard\u0131r. Konaklardan bir tanesi tamamen tahrip olmu\u015ftur. Eski konak \u00fczerine tamir edilmek suretiyle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir konakt\u0131r. Bu konak bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc Cami Yan\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz mevkinin \u00fczerindeki, \u015fu anda Zorlara ait olan evin \u00e7evresidir. Hamam\u0131 vard\u0131, kileri vard\u0131 (benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fumda); oralar y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 yerine yeni binalar yap\u0131ld\u0131. Fakat kona\u011f\u0131n ana duvarlar\u0131ndan bir duvar\u0131 durmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci Konak Ku\u011fuo\u011fullar\u0131na ait olan konakt\u0131r. Bu konak H\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Orta kap\u0131n\u0131n, b\u00fcy\u00fck kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde “Bab-\u0131 ad\u00e2let” yaz\u0131yor. “Adalet Kap\u0131s\u0131” mavi \u00e7ini ile beyaz zemin \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r”. 1796 yl\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir veba (daun) salg\u0131n\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. Bu salg\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. G\u00f6rele’de pek az insan h\u00fck\u00fcmran ve dost iki a\u011fa ailesi kald\u0131. G\u00fcney do\u011fuda Emanetler, kuzey ve bat\u0131da Ku\u011fular ailesi. Bunlardan birincisi ulakl\u0131ktan ikincisi kuvvete dayanarak sivrilmi\u015flerdi. \u015ei\u015fmano\u011flu Muhtar, Emanetlerin kesti\u011fi tapu ko\u00e7anlar\u0131n\u0131n dip kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc muamele i\u00e7in kendisine getirildi\u011fini bana anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ku\u011fuo\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n da akrabalar\u0131ndan Kara Mehmet A\u011fa’y\u0131 kendilerine dan\u0131\u015fmadan yol yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00c7avu\u015flu’da ast\u0131klar\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O zamanlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131k insanlarla, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7 i\u015fleyenlerin boynu k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la kesilirdi. \u0130yilerle, soylulardan su\u00e7lu olanlar da as\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu devirden gerek asi ve \u015fakilerin \u0131slahat kabul etmez tutumlar\u0131 gerek o devre damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurmu\u015f olan Ku\u011fular\u0131n sert tutumlar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile halk\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, hatta k\u00f6y k\u00f6y “\u015eahali, G\u00f6k\u00e7eali, Terziali, T\u00fcrkali, Day\u0131ali” gibi Ke\u015fapta \u015eahmelik, Giresun’da \u00c7\u0131tlakkale taraflar\u0131na ve ba\u015fka yerlere naklettirilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anar\u015finin merkez oca\u011f\u0131, yeni\u00e7erilik kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, s\u0131ra derebeylerine gelmi\u015fti. Trabzon valilerinden Hazinedarz\u00e2de Osman Pa\u015fa Tirebolulu Kahyaz\u00e2de Emin A\u011fa’y\u0131 geni\u015f selahiyetle G\u00f6rele’ye g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. 1830 y\u0131l\u0131nda Be\u015fikd\u00fcz\u00fc, Eynesil dahil b\u00fct\u00fcn G\u00f6rele’deki konaklar\u0131 bu zat bir rivayete g\u00f6re bir gecede yakt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonra Ordu ve Giresun’a giderek oralara g\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f olan halk\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 geri getirmi\u015ftir. Tar\u0131ma \u00e7ok \u00f6nem veren Emin A\u011fa, bir \u00e7ift domuz kula\u011f\u0131 getirene bir k\u0131yye barut vermek sureti ile bu hayvanlar\u0131n neslini t\u00fcketmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Derebeylere ait \u00c7avu\u015flu’daki kona\u011f\u0131n ikinci bir defa daha yak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmekte fakat sebebi \u00f6\u011frenilememi\u015ftir. 1838 y\u0131l\u0131nda genel bir n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu say\u0131mda da halk kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na itiraz etmi\u015flerdir. 1879 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00f6rele tekrar kaza oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6rele, il\u00e7e oldu\u011fu zamanlarda \u00c7avu\u015flu’ya nisbetle pek geli\u015fmi\u015f de\u011fildi. Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc T.C. Ziraat Bankas\u0131’n\u0131n yerinde bulunan bir medrese, Eski Cami ve do\u011fusundaki blokun oldu\u011fu yerdeki ikinci medrese ile Eski ve Yeni Camilerle bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131na k\u00fcmelenmi\u015f olan ah\u015fap han, d\u00fckkan, f\u0131r\u0131n, ma\u011faza ve kahvehanelerden ibaret olup, etrafta T\u00fcrk, Rum ve Ermeni olmak \u00fczere otuz kadar da mesken vard\u0131. 1880 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan bir yang\u0131nda \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 olan yerler tamamen k\u00fcl oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6rele il\u00e7e olmadan \u00f6nce yaln\u0131z k\u0131\u015f mevsiminde pazar kurulurdu. Yazl\u0131k pazar yerleri ise \u00f6nceleri Bozcaali K\u00f6y\u00fc, \u00c7ak\u0131rl\u0131 K\u0131ran\u0131nda, sonra Dayl\u0131 K\u00f6y\u00fc (G\u00fcrle K\u0131ran\u0131nda) olurdu. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Tirebolu Caddesine paralel bir batakl\u0131ktan sonra Kumyal\u0131 mahallesi ve Elevi deresinin bat\u0131 taraflar\u0131nda m\u00fcteaddit batakl\u0131klar vard\u0131. S\u0131tma ve sivrisinek korkusu ile buralara yakla\u015f\u0131lmazd\u0131. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc H\u00fcrriyet ve Bulvar caddelerinin olduklar\u0131 yerler tamamen denizdi. H\u00fck\u00fcmet kona\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcney bat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki d\u00f6rtyol kav\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Ermeni, onun g\u00fcneyine do\u011fru uzanan saha Rum, burada Yeni (Hasan A\u011fa) Camiisine kadar olan b\u00fcy\u00fck saha da T\u00fcrk mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski G\u00f6rele iki k\u0131s\u0131mdan ibaretti. Esas b\u00f6l\u00fcm bug\u00fcnk\u00fc G\u00f6rele burnu denen yerde kalenin \u00e7evresindeki kasabayd\u0131. Buras\u0131 \u00f6nceleri daha \u00e7ok yazl\u0131k olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Buran\u0131n bir kilometre do\u011fusunda bulunan Yavebolu, sonradan Yobul ve Adab\u00fck olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; buras\u0131 da \u00f6nceleri k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k kasaba olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. G\u00f6rele Kalesi ile Yavebolu’da inkiraza u\u011fray\u0131nca daha do\u011fuda \u015earl\u0131 ad\u0131 ile kasaba belirdi. Bu kasaba ve \u00e7evresinin halk\u0131 1894’te G\u00f6rele’den ayr\u0131larak k\u0131smen Trabzon merkez il\u00e7esi ile Vakf\u0131kebir’e ba\u011fland\u0131. \u015earl\u0131 ad\u0131 da sonradan Be\u015fikd\u00fcz\u00fc olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirldi. 1896 y\u0131l\u0131nda Trabzon ilinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen kolera salg\u0131n\u0131 G\u00f6rele’de de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Yaz mevsimine rastlay\u0131p halk\u0131n yaylada olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 pek az zayiatla atlat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n