{"id":16283,"date":"2011-08-08T17:25:42","date_gmt":"2011-08-08T14:25:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/?p=16283"},"modified":"2025-07-28T15:38:57","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T12:38:57","slug":"ishan-kilisesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/turkelli.com\/wordpress\/2011\/08\/08\/ishan-kilisesi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015fhan Kilisesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130\u015fhan Kilisesi korunmas\u0131 ve ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir alan. 08.08.2011<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Haritadan g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in Linke klikleyiniz: https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/search\/artvin+i%C5%9Fhan+kilisesi\/@40.8170486,41.7903366,60523m\/data=!3m1!1e3!5m1!1e4?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI0MTIwOS4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fhan Kilisesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015ea\u015f\u0131rd\u0131m. T\u0131rmand\u0131k, t\u0131rmand\u0131k…O da\u011f\u0131n tepesinde tepsi gibi bir yere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k. Kupkuru da\u011flar\u0131n \u00fczerinde, ye\u015fillikler i\u00e7inde, akan sular\u0131n aras\u0131nda bir yere geldik. \u0130\u015eHAN K\u00d6Y\u00dc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok \u015firin bir alan. Meyveleri bol. Dut pekmezi ald\u0131k, 6,5kg. Tad\u0131 harika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim okulu a\u00e7\u0131k. Yeni yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu belli, yani sonradan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f cami, bu k\u00f6y\u00fcn de asimilasyona u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc; dilini gizledikleri belli. Bizimle t\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fan \u00e7ocu\u011fu arkada\u015flar\u0131 anlamad\u0131. Korkuyorlar hala dillerini konu\u015fam\u0131yorlar. Nas\u0131l bir zul\u00fcm bu!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f6nerken da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n fotograf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ektik, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ola\u011fan \u00fcst\u00fc. Da\u011fdan nehir boyundaki anayola inerken korktuk u\u00e7urumun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden. Anayola yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir ya\u011fmur ba\u015flad\u0131 ki g\u00f6z g\u00f6z\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor. Hatta daha ilerde Artvin yol ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra gidemedik. Dolu ve r\u00fczgar\u0131n \u015fiddeti nedeniyle durduk, ya\u011fmurun dinmesini bekledik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131-Foto: \u015eakir Sa\u011flam<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bu da\u011flar\u0131n \u00fczerinde, bir yerinde ya\u015famak…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015eHAN  K\u0130L\u0130SES\u0130<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Bir kaynaktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fu bilgileri sunal\u0131m):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fhan Manast\u0131r\u0131 Artvin \u0130li, Yusufeli \u0130l\u00e7esi, \u0130\u015fhan K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019ndedir. Manast\u0131rdan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze bir kilise ve bir \u015fapel ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisenin ad\u0131 ilk olarak, 951 tarihli \u201cGrigor Khandza\u2019n\u0131n Ya\u015fam\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 elyazmas\u0131nda ge\u00e7er. Khandza Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019nda G\u00fcrc\u00fc dilinde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ve halen Kud\u00fcs\u2019de saklanan elyazmas\u0131nda, III. Nerses\u2019in piskoposlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde (641-661), do\u011fum yeri olan \u0130\u015fhan\u2019da tetrakonchos planl\u0131 bir kilise in\u015fa ettirdi\u011fi belirtilir. Ancak, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra ba\u015flayan Arap ak\u0131nlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kilise tahrip olur ve terk edilir. Dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Rahip Saba, Kral Adarnese\u2019nin (\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, 826) deste\u011fi ve maddi katk\u0131s\u0131yla, tahrip olan kilisenin yerinde yeni bir manast\u0131r kurar ve manast\u0131r\u0131n ilk rahibi olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisenin i\u00e7indeki ve g\u00fcney duvar\u0131ndaki be\u015f ayr\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcce yaz\u0131ttan, kilisenin 917 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak 1032 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar de\u011fi\u015fik d\u00f6nemlerde onar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. 12.-14. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ise kilisenin bat\u0131, kuzey ve g\u00fcneyine yeni yap\u0131lar eklenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7oruh Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki be\u015f piskoposluk merkezinden biri olan manast\u0131r 17. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131-Rus sava\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 ordusunun k\u0131\u015flas\u0131; 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonundan 1983 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar kilisenin bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolu cami olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise manast\u0131r TC. K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tescil edilerek korunmas\u0131 gereken ta\u015f\u0131nmaz k\u00fclt\u00fcr varl\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ishan Church, Yusufeli,TurkeyManast\u0131r Kilisesi, d\u0131\u015ftan 35.00×20.70 m. boyutlar\u0131nda, ha\u00e7 plan tipindedir. Kare planl\u0131 orta mekan, herbiri yakla\u015f\u0131k iki metre \u00e7ap\u0131nda d\u00f6rt serbest ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131lar \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselen kubbe ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Merkezi mekan d\u00f6rt y\u00f6nde ha\u00e7 kollar\u0131 ile geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu ha\u00e7 kolu yar\u0131m daire planl\u0131 apsisle sonlan\u0131r. Kilisenin apsisi, kemerlerle birbirine ba\u011flanan sekiz s\u00fctunllu d\u00fczenlemesiyle kendine has bir \u00f6zellik g\u00f6sterir. Apsislerin iki yan\u0131ndaki mekanlar iki katl\u0131d\u0131r. Merdiveni bulunmayan ikinci kattaki odalar\u0131n inzivaya \u00e7ekilen ke\u015fi\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yap\u0131n\u0131n bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolu, di\u011fer ha\u00e7 kollar\u0131na g\u00f6re yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 kat daha uzundur. Kilisenin camiye \u00e7evrilmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolu ile merkezi mekan aras\u0131na bir duvar \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f; bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolunun, g\u00fcney ve bat\u0131 duvarlar\u0131ndaki iki kap\u0131 kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kapat\u0131lan kap\u0131lardan g\u00fcneydeki caminin mihrab\u0131; bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolunun kuzeyindeki ek mekan ise son cemaat yeri olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisenin i\u00e7i 966 y\u0131l\u0131nda duvar resimleri ile bezenmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sadece kubbe ve g\u00fcney ha\u00e7 kolundaki resimler kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kubbenin ortas\u0131nda, \u201cHa\u00e7\u0131n G\u00f6\u011fe Y\u00fckseli\u015fi\u201d sahnesi yer al\u0131r. Mecevherlerle bezenmi\u015f olan ha\u00e7 d\u00f6rt melek taraf\u0131ndan ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r. Kubbe ete\u011finde, d\u00f6rt y\u00f6nde birer kez tekrarlanan Tevrat\u2019taki \u201cZekeriya\u2019n\u0131n R\u00fcyas\u0131\u201d sahnesi, d\u00f6rt kanatl\u0131 at\u0131n ko\u015fuldu\u011fu iki tekerlekli araba ve \u00fczerinde ayaktaki s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc ile tasvir edilmi\u015ftir. Her araban\u0131n \u00fczerinde bulunan, tek sat\u0131rl\u0131k G\u00fcrc\u00fcce yaz\u0131tlarda, \u201cilk arabaya siyah atlar ko\u015fulmu\u015ftu\u201d; \u201cbat\u0131 tarafa beyaz atlar ko\u015fulmu\u015ftu\u201d; \u201cve g\u00fcneydeki arabaya kestane rengi atlar ko\u015fulmu\u015ftu\u201d; \u201cve do\u011fuda alaca\u201d ifadeleri yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kubbe kasna\u011f\u0131nda pencere aralar\u0131ndaki onalt\u0131 kemer i\u00e7inde ayakta duran birer peygamber; peygamberlerin \u00fczerindeki onalt\u0131 yuvarlak ni\u015f i\u00e7inde ellerinde asa tutan birer melek ve pencere kemerleri i\u00e7inde ellerinde rulo tutan birer asker aziz resmedilmi\u015ftir. \u0130shan Kilisesi, Artvin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuzey, g\u00fcney ve bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kollar\u0131nda, duvarlarda ve pencerelerin kemerleri i\u00e7inde bulunan fresko kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, tan\u0131mlanam\u0131yacak haldedir. Kuzey ha\u00e7 kolundaki pencere kemerinde, madalyon i\u00e7inde tasvir edilen ve elinde kilise modeli tutan kad\u0131n portresi, ba\u015f\u0131ndaki ta\u00e7 ve \u00fczerindeki mavi elbise ile soylu biri olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisenin d\u00fczg\u00fcn kesme ta\u015flardan \u00f6r\u00fclen d\u0131\u015f duvarlar\u0131, k\u00f6r kemer dizileri ve aralar\u0131ndaki derin ni\u015flerle hareketlendirilmi\u015ftir. Cephelerde kemer dizileri ile olu\u015fturulan d\u00fczenleme, kubbe kasna\u011f\u0131nda da tekrarlanm\u0131\u015f; kemer i\u00e7lerinde dikd\u00f6rtgen ve yuvarlak pencereler a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kubbenin konik \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131, Haho manast\u0131r kilisesinde oldu\u011fu gibi koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve gri renklerde, parlak s\u0131rl\u0131 kiremitlerle kaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisede, bezeme amac\u0131yla toplam 22 de\u011fi\u015fik geometrik ve bitkisel motif kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bezemeler s\u00fctun ba\u015fl\u0131k ve kaidelerinde, pencere kemerlerinin y\u00fczeylerinde, kasnak ve \u00e7at\u0131 silmelerinde belli bir programa ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n tekrarlan\u0131r. Kilisenin bat\u0131 ha\u00e7 kolu g\u00fcney duvar\u0131ndaki pencerenin alt\u0131nda \u201cAslan ile Ejderin M\u00fccadelesi\u201dni g\u00f6steren bir kabartma bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kilisenin g\u00fcneybat\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u015fapelin kap\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerindeki G\u00fcrc\u00fcce bir yaz\u0131ta g\u00f6re, \u015fapel, Kral I. Gurgen (\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 1008) taraf\u0131ndan 1006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve Meryem\u2019e ithaf edilmi\u015ftir. D\u0131\u015ftan 10.30×5.70 m. boyutundaki \u015fapel, do\u011fu-bat\u0131 do\u011frultusunda dikd\u00f6rtgen planl\u0131 ve tek neflidir. Do\u011fuda, yar\u0131m yuvarlak bir apsisle sonlanan mekan\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc be\u015fik tonozdur. Apsiste ve bat\u0131 duvar\u0131nda birer pencere bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eapelde giri\u015f ve pencere a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen kemerler, bitkisel ve geometrik motiflerle bezelidir. Geometrik motifler aras\u0131nda, ger\u00e7ek ve masals\u0131 hayvan tasvirlerine yer verilmi\u015ftir. \u015eapelin i\u00e7inin duvar resimleriyle kapl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse de; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze sadece apsis yar\u0131m kubbesindeki resim gelebilmi\u015ftir. Freskoda, \u201cTahtta Oturan \u0130sa\u201d sahnesi ve onun alt\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 fig\u00fcre ait kal\u0131nt\u0131lar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n